Navegando por Autor "Rego, Vanessa da Rocha"
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Item Decreased self-reported receiving of social touch and social support predict loneliness in healthy adults.(2022) Araújo, Cássia Regina Vieira; Mota, Bruna Eugênia Ferreira; Campagnoli, Rafaela Ramos; Rego, Vanessa da Rocha; Volchan, Eliane; Souza, Gabriela Guerra Leal deLoneliness has emerged as a public health concern. Previous research has reported its deleterious efects on physical and mental health; however, some specifc psychophysiological mechanisms in healthy adults remain to be eluci‑ dated. The aim of the current study is to investigate whether self-reported social support and social touch (giving and receiving social touch), as well as resting heart rate variability (HRV), are signifcant negative predictors of loneliness in healthy adults. The study sample consists of 120 healthy students (50% female) with a mean age of 21.85 years old (DP= 2.21). The students were asked to complete a psychiatric screening questionnaire utilizing loneliness, social support, and social touch scales. HRV was derived from an electrocardiographic signal recorded for 15 min, with the participant relaxed in a supine position. Linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate loneliness as a func‑ tion of social support, social touch (giving or receiving touch), and resting HRV. The results show that social support (p< 0.001) and social touch, specifcally receiving touch (p< 0.002), accounted for a signifcant proportion of the vari‑ ance in loneliness. However, neither giving touch nor resting HRV was a signifcant predictor of loneliness. The current study highlights specifc psychosocial factors in healthy adults that should be considered as promising pathways in order to reduce or work toward preventing loneliness, thus promoting better health and well-being.Item Immobility reactions under threat : a contribution to human defensive cascade and PTSD.(2017) Volchan, Eliane; Rego, Vanessa da Rocha; Campos, Aline Furtado Bastos; Oliveira, José Magalhães de; Franklin, Camila Martins; Gleiser, Sonia; Berger, William; Souza, Gabriela Guerra Leal de; Oliveira, Letícia de; David, Isabel de Paula Antunes; Erthal, Fátima Cristina Smith; Fortes, Mirtes Garcia Pereira; Figueira, Ivan Luiz de VasconcellosViolence exacts a burden on public health. Gun violence is a major trigger for motor defensive reactions in humans and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is its main psychiatric sequela. However, studies of the human defensive cascade, especially the motor reactions, are at an early stage. This review focuses on studies that employ stabilometry, a methodology that assesses whole body motor reactions, to address defensive behaviors to violence-related threats. Special attention is given to three reactions: “attentive immobility”, “immobility under attack” and “tonic immobility”, with emphasis on the latter – a peritraumatic reaction which has been strongly associated with the severity of PTSD. These reactions are characterized by reduced body sway and bradycardia, except tonic immobility that presents robust tachycardia. The advances made by investigations into the immobility reactions of the human defensive cascade contribute to helping to bridge the gap between human and non-human species. Furthermore, progresses in basic research to objectively monitor motor defensive reactions under threat can help to develop a dimensional, trans-diagnostic approach to PTSD.Item Is there tonic immobility in humans? Biological evidence from victims of traumatic stress.(2011) Volchan, Eliane; Souza, Gabriela Guerra Leal de; Franklin, Camila Martins; Norte, Carlos Eduardo; Rego, Vanessa da Rocha; Oliveira, José Magalhães de; David, Isabel de Paula Antunes; Mendlowicz, Mauro Vítor; Coutinho, Evandro da Silva Freire; Fiszman, Adriana; Berger, William; Portela, Carla Marques; Figueira, Ivan Luiz de VasconcellosTonic immobility, characterized by profound motor inhibition, is elicited under inescapable threat in many species. To fully support the existence of tonic immobility in humans, our aim was to elicit this reaction in a laboratory setting and measure it objectively. To mimic exposure to life-threatening events in the lab, trauma-exposed participants with PTSD (n = 18) and without PTSD (n = 15) listened to the script of their autobiographical trauma. Posturography and electrocardiography were employed. Reports of script-induced immobility were associated with restricted area of body sway and were correlated with accelerated heart rate and diminished heart rate variability, implying that tonic immobility is preserved in humans as an involuntary defensive strategy. Immobility reports seemed more evident in PTSD, suggesting that, in some patients, tonic immobility may be elicited during re-experiencing episodes in daily life. This study provided a measure of tonic immobility, a peritraumatic reaction for which cumulative clinical evidence had linked to the severity of PTSD.Item Tonic immobility in PTSD : exacerbation of emotional cardiac defense response.(2019) Norte, Carlos Eduardo; Volchan, Eliane; Vila, Jaime; Mata, José Luís; Arbol, Javier Rodriguez; Mendlowicz, Mauro Vítor; Berger, William; Luz, Mariana Pires; Rego, Vanessa da Rocha; Figueira, Ivan Luiz de Vasconcellos; Souza, Gabriela Guerra Leal deAmong defensive behaviors, tonic immobility (TI) is considered the last defensive resort when life is at extreme risk. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the main psychiatric consequence resulting from exposure to traumatic events. Increasing evidence indicate an association between peritraumatic tonic immobilility and severity of PTSD. Cardiac defense response, a reactivity to perceived danger or threat, has been studied by recording heart rate changes that follows the presentation of an unpredictable intense auditory aversive stimulus. The aim of this study was to investigate potential distinctiveness in cardiac defense response among PTSD patients who presented – compared to those that did not – TI reaction in the laboratory setting. Patients (N = 17) completed the TI questionnaire for signs of immobility elicited by passive listening to their autobiographical trauma script. After a while, they were exposed to an intense white noise, while electrocardiogram was recorded. The heart rate during the 80 s after the noise, subtracted from baseline, was analyzed. Higher reports of TI to the trauma script were associated with stronger and sustained heart rate accelerations after the noise. The effects on cardiac defense response add to increasing evidence that some PTSD patients are prone to repeated re-experiences of TI, which may implicate in a potentially distinct pathophysiology and even a new PTSD subtype.Item Visuo-motor affective interplay : bonding scenes promote implicit motor pre-dispositions associated with social grooming – a pilot study.(2022) Grichtchouk, Olga; Oliveira, José Magalhães de; Campagnoli, Rafaela Ramos; Franklin, Camila Martins; Correa, Monica Ferreira; Fortes, Mirtes Garcia Pereira; Vargas, Claudia Domingues; David, Isabel de Paula Antunes; Souza, Gabriela Guerra Leal de; Gleiser, Sonia; Keil, Andreas; Rego, Vanessa da Rocha; Volchan, ElianeProximity and interpersonal contact are prominent components of social connection. Giving affective touch to others is fundamental for human bonding. This brief report presents preliminary results from a pilot study. It explores if exposure to bonding scenes impacts the activity of specific muscles related to physical interaction. Fingers flexion is a very important component when performing most actions of affectionate contact. We explored the visuo-motor affective interplay by priming participants with bonding scenes and assessing the electromyographic activity of the fingers flexor muscle, in the absence of any overt movements. Photographs of dyads in social interaction and of the same dyads not interacting were employed. We examined the effects upon the electromyographical activity: (i) during the passive exposure to pictures, and (ii) during picture offset and when expecting the signal to perform a fingers flexion task. Interacting dyads compared to matched non-interacting dyads increased electromyographic activity of the fingers flexor muscle in both contexts. Specific capture of visual bonding cues at the level of visual cortex had been described in the literature. Here we showed that the neural processing of visual bonding cues reaches the fingers flexor muscle. Besides, previous visualization of bonding cues enhanced background electromyographic activity during motor preparation to perform the fingers flexion task, which might reflect a sustained leakage of central motor activity downstream leading to increase in firing of the respective motor neurons. These data suggest, at the effector level, an implicit visuo-motor connection in which social interaction cues evoke intrinsic dispositions toward affectionate social behavior.