Navegando por Autor "Jara, Carlos Poblete"
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Item Glutamic acid promotes hair growth in mice.(2021) Jara, Carlos Poblete; Berti, Beatriz de Andrade; Mendes, Natália Ferreira; Engel, Daiane Fátima; Zanesco, Ariane Maria; Souza, Gabriela Freitas Pereira de; Bezerra, Renan de Medeiros; Bagatin, Julia de Toledo; Engler, Silvya Stuchi Maria; Morari, Joseane; Velander, William H.; Velloso, Licio Augusto; Araújo, Eliana PereiraGlutamic acid is the main excitatory neurotransmitter acting both in the brain and in peripheral tissues. Abnormal distribution of glutamic acid receptors occurs in skin hyperproliferative conditions such as psoriasis and skin regeneration; however, the biological function of glutamic acid in the skin remains unclear. Using ex vivo, in vivo and in silico approaches, we showed that exogenous glutamic acid promotes hair growth and keratinocyte proliferation. Topical application of glutamic acid decreased the expression of genes related to apoptosis in the skin, whereas glutamic acid increased cell viability and proliferation in human keratinocyte cultures. In addition, we identifed the keratinocyte glutamic acid excitotoxic concentration, providing evidence for the existence of a novel skin signalling pathway mediated by a neurotransmitter that controls keratinocyte and hair follicle proliferation. Thus, glutamic acid emerges as a component of the peripheral nervous system that acts to control cell growth in the skin. These results raise the perspective of the pharmacological and nutritional use of glutamic acid to treat skin diseases.Item Interleukin-6 actions in the hypothalamus protects against obesity and is involved in the regulation of neurogenesis.(2021) Bóbbo, Vanessa Cristina Dias; Engel, Daiane Fátima; Jara, Carlos Poblete; Mendes, Natália Ferreira; Tovolli, Roberta Haddad; Prado, Thais P.; Oliveira, Davi Sidarta; Morari, Joseane; Velloso, Licio Augusto; Araújo, Eliana PereiraBackground: Interleukin-6 (IL6) produced in the context of exercise acts in the hypothalamus reducing obesity- associated inflammation and restoring the control of food intake and energy expenditure. In the hippocampus, some of the beneficial actions of IL6 are attributed to its neurogenesis-inducing properties. However, in the hypothalamus, the putative neurogenic actions of IL6 have never been explored, and its potential to balance energy intake can be an approach to prevent or attenuate obesity. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and IL6 knockout (KO) mice were employed to study the capacity of IL6 to induce neurogenesis. We used cell labeling with Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), immunofluorescence, and real-time PCR to determine the expression of markers of neurogenesis and neurotransmitters. We prepared hypothalamic neuroprogenitor cells from KO that were treated with IL6 in order to provide an ex vivo model to further characterizing the neurogenic actions of IL6 through differentiation assays. In addition, we analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data and determined the expression of IL6 and IL6 receptor in specific cell types of the murine hypothalamus. Results: IL6 expression in the hypothalamus is low and restricted to microglia and tanycytes, whereas IL6 receptor is expressed in microglia, ependymocytes, endothelial cells, and astrocytes. Exogenous IL6 reduces diet-induced obesity. In outbred mice, obesity-resistance is accompanied by increased expression of IL6 in the hypothalamus. IL6 induces neurogenesis-related gene expression in the hypothalamus and in neuroprogenitor cells, both from WT as well as from KO mice. Conclusion: IL6 induces neurogenesis-related gene expression in the hypothalamus of WT mice. In KO mice, the neurogenic actions of IL6 are preserved; however, the appearance of new fully differentiated proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons is either delayed or disturbed.