In vitro and in silico evaluation of the schistosomicidal activity of eugenol derivatives using biochemical, molecular, and morphological tools.
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2022
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Background: Eugenol shows both antibacterial and antiparasitic activities, suggesting
that it might be evaluated as an option for the treatment of praziquantel-resistant
schistosome.
Methods: The in vitro activities of three eugenol derivatives (FB1, FB4 and FB9) on
adult worms from Schistosoma mansoni were examined by fluorescence and scanning
electron microscopy to analyze effects on the excretory system and integument damage,
respectively. Biochemical tests with verapamil (a calcium channel antagonist) and
ouabain (a Na+
/K+-ATPase pump inhibitor) were used to characterize eugenol derivative
interactions with calcium channels and the Na+/K+-ATPase, while in silico analysis
identified potential Na+/K+-ATPase binding sites.
Results: The compounds showed effective doses (ED50) of 0.324 mM (FB1), 0.167 mM
(FB4), and 0.340 mM (FB9). In addition, FB4 (0.322 mM), which showed the lowest
ED50, ED90 and ED100 (p < 0.05), caused the most damage to the excretory system
and integument, according to both fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy
analysis. The death of adult worms was delayed by ouabain treatment plus FB1 (192
versus 72 hours) and FB9 (192 versus 168 hours), but the response to FB4 was the same
in the presence or absence of ouabain. Besides, no changes were noted when all of the
eugenol derivatives were combined with verapamil. Moreover, FB1 and FB9 inhibited Na+/K+-ATPase activity according to in silico analysis but FB4 did not show a time-
dependent relationship and may act on targets other than the parasite Na+/K+-ATPase.
Conclusion: Eugenol derivatives, mainly FB4 when compared to FB1 and FB9, seem
to act more effectively on the integument of adult S. mansoni worms.
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Schistosoma mansoni, Eugenol, Schistosomiasis, Mechanism of action
Citação
SOUZA, I. M. M. de et al. In vitro and in silico evaluation of the schistosomicidal activity of eugenol derivatives using biochemical, molecular, and morphological tools. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases, v. 28, artigo e20210108, 2022. Disponível em: <https://www.scielo.br/j/jvatitd/a/m5FQpQLh53JqVTxdss3Kn4v/abstract/?lang=en>. Acesso em: 01 ago. 2023.