Navegando por Autor "Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira"
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Item Analysis of tylosin in poultry litter by HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS after LTPE.(2020) Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Pereira, Andressa Rezende; Fonseca, Isadora Chagas da; Sanson, Ananda Lima; Afonso, Robson José de Cássia Franco; Aquino, Sergio Francisco deThe growing demand for chicken meat in Brazil encourages poultry producers to invest in antibiotics as growth promoters to ensure the quality of their products. Among these, the antibiotic tylosin is a widely used growth promoter that assists in the treatment of necrotic enteritis. Antibiotics usually are not totally metabolised and may be excreted in its original form, thereby contaminating different environmental compartments and may induce microbial resistance. Therefore, analyses of such contaminants in different matrices are important to perform risk assessments and this often depends on the development of extraction methods to allow the quantification of the substance at low concentrations. This work presents a simple and cheap methodology which employs low-temperature partitioning extraction (LTPE) for the analysis of tylosin in poultry litter samples by HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS. The analytical method developed was validated according to Brazilian regulating agencies (ANVISA and MAPA) and resulted in method detection (LDM) and quantification (LQM) limits of 6.32 μg.kg−1 and 21.12 μg.kg−1, respectively. The analysis of the waste from a chicken broiler company, located in Minas Gerais, confirmed the adequacy of the method, since it detected tylosin at average concentrations of 135.22 μg.kg−1 and 264.92 μg.kg−1 in poultry litter from sheds containing birds in the rearing and production phase, respectively.Item Distribuição de antibióticos em efluentes de suinocultura e seu impacto na disseminação de resistência antimicrobiana.(2023) Silva, Barbara Aiala; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Aquino, Sergio Francisco de; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Machado, Elayne Cristina; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de OliveiraA resistência aos antibióticos (RA) é uma das maiores preocupações para a saúde pública em âmbito global e pode ser disseminada, dentre outras formas, pela atividade da suinocultura devido ao uso elevado de antibiótico para a criação dos animais. Por causa da falta de monitoramento de antibióticos nas atividades da suinocultura brasileira e, visando elucidar a contribuição dessa atividade na promoção da RA, este estudo simulou diferentes cenários de consumo de antibióticos para determinação de sua concentração nos dejetos de suínos, bem como considerou dados publicados na literatura internacional. Foram considerados cenários de uso terapêutico, metafilático, profilático e para promoção do crescimento; bem como os ciclos de vida do suíno: creche, crescimento e terminação. A partir dos dados de concentrações de antibióticos avaliou-se o risco de disseminação de RA, causado pela presença desses fármacos nos dejetos, antes e após o tratamento biológico, com destaque ao risco atribuído à prática de fertirrigação e seu efeito tóxico em plantas e animais. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho indicaram que, de uma forma geral, as concentrações de antibióticos presentes nos dejetos suínos, independente do ciclo de vida do animal e da finalidade do uso, são suficientes para induzir a RA. Particularmente os antibióticos Clortetraciclina e Oxitetraciclina foram os antibióticos que apresentaram os maiores quocientes de risco. Além disso, os tratamentos biológicos comumente aplicados, foram insuficientes para remoção total do risco de disseminação de resistência. No entanto, destaca-se que o tratamento biológico promoveu uma diminuição relevante das concentrações de antibióticos nos efluentes de suínos, inclusive para a Oxitetraciclina. O estudo mostrou, ainda, que o lançamento de efluente tratado no solo mesmo considerando 90% de biodegradabilidade dos antibióticos, pode contribuir com a disseminação de resistência a antibióticos entre microrganismos ambientais, devido ao fato de vários antibióticos apresentarem alto risco na indução da resistência. Dessa maneira, os resultados apresentados neste trabalho apontam o potencial risco de disseminação de RA por meio da prática de lançamento do efluente tratado da suinocultura no solo. No entanto, considerando que o risco foi baseado em estimativas nacionais e dados da literatura internacional, recomenda- se a realização de monitoramento esporádico destes fármacos em dejetos brutos e efluentes tratados, a fim de retratar, com maior precisão, o risco de disseminação de RA por essa importante atividade econômica brasileira, e ainda promover estratégias que minimizem este impacto ambiental.Item Distribution of genetic elements associated with antibiotic resistance in treated and untreated animal husbandry waste and wastewater.(2021) Pereira, Andressa Rezende; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Aquino, Sergio Francisco de; Silva, Silvana de QueirozAnimal breeding for meat production based on swine, cattle, poultry, and aquaculture is an activity that generates several impacts on the environment, among them the spread of antibiotic resistance. There is a worldwide concern related to the massive use of antibiotics, which causes selective pressure on the microbial community, triggering bacteria that contain “antibiotic resistance genes.” According to the survey here presented, antibiotic resistance-related genes such as tetracyclines (tet), erythromycin (erm), and sulfonamides (sul), as well as the genetic mobile element interferon (int), are the most reported genetic elements in qualitative and quantitative studies of swine, cattle, poultry, and aquaculture manure/wastewater. It has been observed that biological treatments based on waste composting and anaerobic digestion are effective in ARG removal, particularly for tet, bla, erm, and qnr (quinolone) genes. On the other hand, sul and intI genes were more persistent in such treatments. Tertiary treatments, such advanced oxidative processes, are suitable strategies to improve ARG reduction. In general temperature, hydraulic retention time, and penetration of sunlight are the main operational parameters for ARG reduction in treatments applied to animal waste, and therefore attention should be addressed to optimize their efficacy regarding ARG removal. Despite being reduced, the presence of ARG in treated effluents and in biosolids indicates that there is a potential risk of antibiotic resistance spread in nature, especially through the release of treated livestock waste into the environment.Item Efeitos da tilosina na digestão anaeróbia do resíduo avícola : produção de biogás, resistência a antibióticos e comunidade microbiana.(2021) Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Aquino, Sergio Francisco de; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Aquino, Sergio Francisco de; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Kunz, Airton; Araújo, Juliana Calábria de; Baeta, Bruno Eduardo Lobo; Afonso, Robson José de Cássia FrancoInserido em um contexto de saúde única e economia circular, o presente trabalho avalia o potencial energético da cama de aviário na produção de biogás, aliado a formas de reduzir a concentração de tilosina – um dos principais antibióticos utilizados no setor avícola – e genes de resistência antimicrobiana (GRAs) presentes nesse resíduo. Para tanto, quatro capítulos de resultados são apresentados nesta tese. No primeiro deles (capítulo 5), foram avaliados o potencial metanogênico e a viabilidade energética do uso da cama de aviário, além das influências exercidas pelo tipo de biomassa nela presente e da razão Alimento/Microrganismo (A/M) na co-digestão anaeróbia em fase sólida (SS-AD) de esterco de aves e biomassa lignocelulósica. Visto a frequente utilização de aditivos promotores de crescimento em frangos de corte, o segundo capítulo de resultados (capítulo 6), descreve o desenvolvimento e validação de um método para extração e análise de tilosina na cama de aviário por HPLC-UV e HPLC-MS/MS. Uma vez quantificada na cama de aviário, o capítulo 7 investigou a influência da concentração de tilosina na produção de metano, além de avaliar a cinética de degradação deste antibiótico, e os microrganismos envolvidos, nas principais etapas da digestão anaeróbia (hidrólise/acidogênese; acetogênese; metanogênese). Por fim, o capítulo 8 avalia o uso do pré-tratamento hidrotérmico (PTH) seguido da digestão anaeróbia, como forma de maximizar o potencial energético da cama de aviário e minimizar o teor de tilosina e GRAs presentes no resíduo. Os resultados do capítulo 5 mostram que as mais elevadas produções de metano foram obtidas na co-digestão de esterco de aves e biomassa lignocelulósica na razão A/M de 0,5 gSV. gSV-1 , e que o conteúdo de lignina presente na biomassa pode afetar a acessibilidade dos microrganismos à fração holocelulósica e prejudicar, indiretamente, a produção de metano. Na melhor condição avaliada, o uso de dejetos de aves em SS-AD foi capaz de suprir 53,2% da demanda térmica gasta com lenha em uma típica granja. Os dados apresentados no capítulo 6 confirmam a adequação do método analítico desenvolvido, e mostram que tilosina foi detectada em cama de aviário de galpões de recria e produção nas concentrações médias de 135 μg.kg-1 e 265 μg.kg-1 , respectivamente. Os resultados do capítulo 7 indicam que a presença de tilosina em concentrações inferiores à 20 mg.kg-1 na cama de aviário, não afetou a produção de metano em SS-AD, enquanto que a partir desse teor até 80 mg.kg-1 , apresentou um efeito estimulante na produção de metano (aumento de 45,2%). A biodegradação desse antibiótico, por sua vez, foi efetivamente realizada (> 75%) em todas as etapas da digestão anaeróbia. Entretanto, a etapa metanogênica se sobressaiu e a alta taxa de degradação observada é resultado do efeito cometabólico exercido pela adição de acetato e da atuação sintrófica entre os microrganismos envolvidos. Finalmente, o capítulo 8 mostra que, o uso do PTH à 80ºC, seguido pela digestão anaeróbia em único estágio, favoreceu a produção de metano de maneira a suprir a demanda energética do pré-tratamento, e produzir um excedente de energia térmica equivalente a 33,6% da demanda térmica gasta com lenha em uma típica granja. Além disso, o processo combinado (PTH/SS-AD) foi eficiente (91,6%) na remoção de tilosina e dos GRAs ermB, intI1, sul1 e tetA, presentes na cama de aviário.Item Effect of inoculum composition on the microbial community involved in the anaerobic digestion of sugarcane bagasse.(2023) Pereira, Andressa Rezende; Assis, Nathália Vercelli de; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Lima, Diego Roberto Sousa; Baeta, Bruno Eduardo Lobo; Aquino, Sergio Francisco de; Silva, Silvana de QueirozIn anaerobic digestion (AD), the choice of inoculum type seems to be relevant for methane production for complex substrates, such as lignocellulosic material. Previous work demonstrated that the addition of fresh manure and ruminal fluid to anaerobic sludge improved methane productivity and kinetics of AD of crude sugarcane bagasse (CSB). Considering that the improvement of methane production could be a result of a more adapted microbial community, the present study performed the Next Generation Sequencing analysis to identify changes in the microbiome of anaerobic sludge inoculum, resulting from fresh manure and ruminal fluid addition. In comparison with AD performed only with anaerobic sludge inoculum (50:50, U), accumulated methane production was 15% higher with anaerobic sludge plus ruminal fluid inoculum (50:50, UR) and even higher (68%) with anaerobic sludge with fresh bovine manure inoculum (50:50, UFM), reaching the value of 143 NmLCH4.gVS −1 . Clostridium species were highly abundant in all inocula, playing an important role during the hydrolysis and fermentation of CSB, and detoxifying potential inhibitors. Microbial composition also revealed the occurrence of Pseudomonas and Anaerobaculum at UFM inoculum that seem to have contributed to the higher methane production rate, mainly due to their hydrolytic and fermentative ability on lignocellulosic substrates. On the other hand, the presence of Alcaligenes might have had a negative effect on methane production due to their ability to perform methane oxidation.Item Hydrothermal pretreatment of poultry litter for biogas production.(2023) Oliveira, Mayara Pires de; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Herrera Adarme, Oscar Fernando; Aquino, Sergio Francisco deHydrothermal pretreatment (HPT) allows the solubilization of the hemicellulose, leading to increased biodegradability for microorganisms. This paper presents a study based on the evaluation of the variables time (12 to 60 min), temperature (80 to 200°C), and solid/liquid ratio (4 to 8 g mL-1) for the HPT (autohydrolysis) of synthetic poultry litter (rice straw: poultry manure 1:5) using the Doehlert matrix. Twelve HPT conditions followed by anaerobic digestion were evaluated with a focus on methane production. Firstly, tests were conducted to evaluate biogas production in a single stage in a single reactor, where both the acidogenic and methanogenic phases occur. Subsequently, tests were conducted to evaluate biogas production in a two-stage, consisting of separating hydrogen and methane production phases. The best performance of the biochemical potential of methane was the conditions 6 (24 min, 120 °C, and solid-liquid ratio = 4) in a single stage and 3 (48 min, 160 °C, and SLR = 8) in a two-stage, producing 255.6 and 277.6 NmL CH4 gVS-1, respectively. Using the desirability criteria, two hydrothermal pretreatment (HPT) conditions were evidenced/ condition 1 in two stages (12 min, 80 °C, and SLR = 4)- (D1-2S) and condition two in two stages (12 min, 98 °C, and SLR = 4) - (D2-2S) showed high methane production, 248.9 and 249.3NmL CH4 ∙gVS-1, respectively.Item Hydrothermal pre‑treatment followed by anaerobic digestion for the removal of tylosin and antibiotic resistance agents from poultry litter.(2023) Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Pereira, Andressa Rezende; Coelho, Letícia Dias Nunes; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Aquino, Sergio Francisco deHydrothermal pretreatment (HPT) followed by anaerobic digestion (AD) is an alternative for harvesting energy and removing organic contaminants from sewage sludge and animal manure. This study investigated the use, in an energetically sustainable way, of HPT and AD, alone or combined, to produce methane and remove tylosin and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) from poultry litter (PL). The results showed that HPT at 80 °C (HPT80), followed by single-stage AD (AD-1S), led to the production of 517.9±4.7 NL CH4 kg VS−1, resulting in 0.11 kWh kg PL−1 of electrical energy and 0.75 MJ kg PL−1 of thermal energy, thus supplying 33.6% of the energy spent on burning frewood at a typical farm. In this best-case scenario, the use of HPT alone reduced tylosin concentration from PL by 23.6%, while the process involving HPT followed by AD-1S led to the removal of 91.6% of such antibiotic. The combined process (HPT80+AD-1S), in addition to contributing to reduce the absolute and relative abundances of ARG ermB (2.13 logs), intI1 (0.39 logs), sul1 (0.63 logs), and tetA (0.74 logs), led to a signifcant removal in the relative abundance of tylosin-resistant bacteria present in the poultry litter.Item Integrated production of second-generation ethanol and biogas from sugarcane bagasse pretreated with ozone.(2022) Lima, Diego Roberto Sousa; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Herrera Adarme, Oscar Fernando; Baeta, Bruno Eduardo Lobo; Gurgel, Leandro Vinícius Alves; Santos, Alexandre Soares dos; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Aquino, Sergio Francisco deConsidering the lignocellulosic biorefinery, the present work evaluated the energy potential related to biogas production from the anaerobic digestion (both at one- and two-stage) of the main residues derived from sugarcane bagasse (SB) pretreatment with ozone aiming its further use for 2G ethanol. The results showed that 2G ethanol production was maximized under mild ozonation conditions (7.5 mgO3 gSB−1 ), generating 30 L ethanol tonSB−1 , which corresponds to a revenue of 17 USD tonSB−1 with sale. Despite not leading to profits, the use of electric energy generated through CHP system (by burning the biogas produced at two- stage anaerobic digestion) covered the energy costs involved in SB ozonation. A combined pretreatment consisting of SB ozonation followed by alkaline extraction (AE) provided the highest 2G ethanol production (66 L tonSB−1 ) under the most severe conditions (97.5 mgO3 gSB−1 ), and resulted in 37 USD tonSB−1 with ethanol sale. Despite this, process sustainability was only achieved when the anaerobic digestion of main residues was taken into account and the combined O3+AE was used under the mildest SB ozonation. At these conditions, the surplus energy (~ 30 MW per harvest) had the potential to supply about 320,000 inhabitants during the crop harvest.Item Methane production by co-digestion of poultry manure and lignocellulosic biomass : kinetic and energy assessment.(2019) Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Herrera Adarme, Oscar Fernando; Barreto, Gabriela Fernandes; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Aquino, Sergio Francisco deSix typical Brazilian lignocellulosic biomasses (rice straw, corn cob, peanut shell, sawdust, coffee husk and sugarcane bagasse) were evaluated for methane production by solid-state anaerobic co-digestion with poultry manure. The results showed the highest methane production was obtained with corn cob and poultry manure (126.02 Nm3 CH4. ton residue−1) using a food to inoculum ratio of 0.5, which lowered volatile fatty acids accumulation. In this condition, the thermal energy production (1.73 MJ.kg live chicken−1) would be able to replace 53.2% of the energy with firewood in poultry farming. The high hemicellulose and low lignin content in corn cob seem to explain the biomethanation of such biomass, and this agrees with the microbial analysis which revealed the predominance of bacteria related to plant polysaccharides hydrolysis and carbohydrate conversion in the inoculum. The methane production was best modelled by Groot’s multi-stage model, and the microbial adaptation to lignin might explain this.Item Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with dilute citric acid and enzymatic hydrolysis : use of black liquor and solid fraction for biogas production.(2022) Gomes, Michelle Garcia; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Camargos, Adonai Bruneli de; Baeta, Bruno Eduardo Lobo; Baffi, Milla Alves; Gurgel, Leandro Vinícius Alves; Pasquini, DanielThis study evaluated the pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with dilute citric acid solution for biogas production. The black liquor (BL) from pretreatment and residual solid fraction (RSF) obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis were used as substrates for the biogas production. After saccharifications of the pretreated solid fractions performed with Cellic® CTec 3 cocktail, the highest concentration of total reducing sugars (TRS) was in the range of 10.7–184.8 g L−1 and the sugar yields were in the range of 3.5–88.8%. For BL, the contents of glucose, xylose, and arabinose were in the range of 1.9–8.9 g L−1, 4.0–24.7 g L−1, and 0.2–5.4 g L−1, respectively. Biogas production from BL and RSF resulted, respectively, in maximum values of 563.6 and 57.8 NmL gCOD−1, indicating the feasibility of using dilute citric acid pretreatment coupled to biogas production in biorefineries. Brief energy and economic assessment were carried out considering the energy balance (thermal energy generated by burning biogas - thermal energy spent in the pretreatment), as well as revenue from a possible sale of electricity generated in a combined heat and power system.Item Production of biogas and fermentable sugars from spent brewery grains : evaluation of one- and two-stage thermal pretreatment in an integrated biorefinery.(2021) Camargos, Adonai Bruneli de; Fonseca, Yasmim Arantes da; Silva, Nayara Clarisse Soares; Barreto, Elisa da Silva; Herrera Adarme, Oscar Fernando; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Gurgel, Leandro Vinícius Alves; Baeta, Bruno Eduardo LoboIn this study, the production of fermentable sugars and biogas from thermally pretreated brewer’s spent grains (BSGs) was investigated. There were two autohydrolysis conditions (C1-1S: 180 oC, 30 min, 5 mLH2O gBSG − 1 and C2- 1S: 180 oC, 60 min, 5 mLH2O gBSG − 1 ) which were evaluated, with and without a previous low severity pretreatment (80 oC, 10 min, 10 mLH2O gBSG − 1 ). The highest specific methane production (302.4 NLCH4 kgCOD − 1 ) and enzymatic hydrolysis yield (EHY of 98%, 50 FPU gBSG − 1 ) were obtained from the two-stage pretreatment, with the second stage operated at 180 ◦C for 60 min, 5 mLH2O gBSG − 1 . However, in the integrated process, the two-stage pre- treatment with the second stage performed at 180 ◦C for 30 min, and 5 mLH2O gBSG − 1 was the best condition to produce fermentable sugars from enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated BSGs, using a lower enzyme loading (EHY of 93%, 25 FPU gBSG − 1 ). The burning of biogas produced from an anaerobic digestion of liquid fractions (hydroly- sates) generated after two-stage thermal pretreatment in a combined heat and power system can produce a net thermal energy of 1.71 MJ kgBSG dry basis − 1 and electrical energy of 0.392 kW h kgBSG dry basis − 1 .Item Tylosin in anaerobic reactors : degradation kinetics, efects on methane production and on the microbial community.(2022) Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Pereira, Andressa Rezende; Fonseca, Yasmim Arantes da; Silva, Silvana de Queiroz; Aquino, Sergio Francisco deTylosin eliminated in animal waste, during therapeutic treatment, can be efciently removed in anaerobic systems. The present study investigated the infuence of tylosin concentration and assessed its degradation kinetics and the microorganisms involved in each stage of its anaerobic digestion (hydrolysis/ acidogenesis; acetogenesis; methanogenesis). The results showed a stimulating efect on methane production with increasing tylosin concentration in the poultry litter up to 80 mg kg−1 tylosin (232.9 NL CH4 kg SV−1). As for tylosin degradation, greater removal of antibiotics was observed in the methanogenic phase (88%), followed by acetogenic (84%) and hydrolytic/acidogenic (76%) phases. The higher rate of tylosin degradation obtained in the methanogenic step, is mainly related to the co-metabolic efect exerted by the presence of acetate and its degradation by acetoclastic methanogens. Indeed, metagenomic analyses suggested a syntrophic action between archaea of the genus Methanobacterium, and bacteria such as Clostridium and Flexilinea, which seemed decisive for tylosin degradation.Item Use of hollow fibre membrane contactors to remove dissolved gases from effluents of UASB reactors treating sewage after its conditioning with dynamic membrane filtration.(2023) Mora, Erick Centeno; Paranhos, Aline Gomes de Oliveira; Aquino, Sergio Francisco de; Chernicharo, Carlos Augusto de LemosDissolved gases in the effluent of anaerobic reactors, such as dissolved methane (D-CH4) and sulphide (S2− ), are a drawback for anaerobic-based sewage treatment plants. Hollow fibre membrane contactors (HFMCs) have been tested for the removal of these compounds, and this paper evaluated a novel configuration with pressurised dynamic membrane modules (PDMMs) for conditioning an anaerobic effluent (from UASB reactor fed with sewage) as a means to reduce HFMCs clogging and fouling. Three PDMMs were used for the anaerobic effluent conditioning before two types of HFMCs (dense and microporous membranes). An automated backwash with a tap water cleaning protocol complemented with a chemical cleaning protocol (NaOH and citric acid) was applied for fouling control. The microporous HFMC could not maintain a stable performance (D-CH4 and S2− removal drop of 30 % and 40 %, respectively, in 10 days of operation), arguably due to membrane wetting, meanwhile the dense HFMC showed a more stable behaviour (removal efficiencies close to 100 % and 90 % for S2− and D-CH4, respectively in >30 days). The water backwash removed an important fraction of the entrapped organic solids. Meanwhile, the NaOH cleaning was efficient in removing inorganic compounds. Citric acid contributed to the removal of calcium and phosphate.