Navegando por Autor "Milani, Raquel Fernanda"
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Item Cadmium and lead levels consumed by patients with oral hospital diets prescriptions.(2014) Sá, Júlia Sommerlatte Manzoli de; Fernandes, Isabela da Costa; Moreira, Daniele Caroline Faria; Milani, Raquel Fernanda; Morgano, Marcelo Antonio; Quintaes, Késia DiegoIntroduction: The levels of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in foods should be monitored as a function of health risks. Objective: To evaluate Cd and Pb levels in oral hospital diets and in an oral food complement (OFC) according to their respective consumption by patients, and to estimate the patient’s exposition risk. Methods: The levels of Cd and Pb were determined by ICP-OES in samples of regular, blend, soft and renal diets and OFC, collected on 6 weekdays. About 14.3% of the diets and OFC served were analyzed. Results and Discussion: 163 patients participated, with mean weights and ages of 62.7 kg and 56.5 years, respectively, the majority being men (59.5%). The mean Cd content consumed was greater for men fed the regular and blend diets and similar amongst the sexes for the soft diet. The consumption of Cd (max. 21.02 μg/day) was below the provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI). The mean Pb ingested (max. 199.49 μg/day) was similar amongst the sexes. The soft diet showed the highest Pb content in September/2010, whereas the other showed no variation according to season. In September/2010 and January/2011, the soft and regular diets associated with the OFC offered 207.50 and 210.50 μg/day of Pb, respectively. Conclusions: The combination of the diet with the OFC increased the risk of an excessive ingestion of Pb, and the vulnerability of the patients to an excessive exposition to Pb could be greater due to water and medications. It was concluded that whereas the calculated ingestion of Cd conformed to the PTMI, the Pb level and ingestion represented a risk to the health of the patients.Item Evaluation of raw soapstone (steatite) as adsorbent of trace elements present in Brazilian spirits.(2016) Silva, Karine Aparecida Louvera; Fernandes, Isabela da Costa; Bearzoti, Eduardo; Milani, Raquel Fernanda; Morgano, Marcelo Antonio; Quintaes, Késia DiegoThe impact of soapstone (steatite) upon inorganic element contaminant concentrations in alcoholic beverages was investigated. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb levels in 8 Brazilian spirits plus an alcoholic simulant were initially measured, and then measured following each 24 h cycle of exposure to raw soapstone cups, for a total of 4 cycles/sample. The results were compared to the levels established by Brazilian and German regulations. The contact between the spirits and the soapstone reduced the Cu content by up to 50.4% and increased the Ni content by up to 622.2%, especially in the first contact cycle. The exposure of spirits to the soapstone exhibits a linear reduction in the Pb content (18.3–54.5%) while As and Cd levels remained unaltered throughout the experiments. In conclusion, crude soapstone in contact with alcoholic solutions acts as an adsorbent of trace elements (Cu and Pb) while releasing Ni.Item Formulations with microencapsulated Fe–peptides improve in vitro bioaccessibility and bioavailability.(2022) Gaigher, Bruna; Silva, Emanueli do Nascimento da; Sanches, Vitor Lacerda; Milani, Raquel Fernanda; Galland, Fabiana; Cadore, Solange; Grancieri, Mariana; Pacheco, Maria Teresa BertoldoThe bioaccessibility and the bioavailability of iron complexed to peptides (active) in microparticles forms con- tained in dry beverages formulations were evaluated. The peptide-iron complexes microparticles were obtained by spray drying and added in three dry formulations (tangerine, strawberry, and chocolate flavors). The peptides isolated by iron ion affinity (IMAC-Fe III) had their biological activity predicted by BIOPEP® database and were evaluated by molecular coupling. The bioaccessibility was evaluated by solubility and dialysability and the bioavalability was assessed by Caco-2 cellular model. The proportion 10:1 of peptide-iron complexes presented higher rates of bioaccessibility (49%) and bioavailability (56%). The microparticle with peptide-iron complex showed greater solubility after digestion (39.1%), bioaccessibility (19.8%), and bioavailability (34.8%) than the ferrous sulfate salt (control) for the three assays (10.2%; 12.9%; 9.7%, respectively). Tangerine and strawberry formulations contributed to the iron absorption according to the results of bioaccessibility (36.2%, 30.0% respectively) and bioavailability (80.5%, 84.1%, respectively). The results showed that iron peptide complexa- tion and microencapsulation process improve the bioaccessibility and bioavailability when incorporated into formulations.Item Methylmercury in fish species used in preparing sashimi : a case study in Brazil.(2017) Paiva, Esther Lima de; Milani, Raquel Fernanda; Boer, Bárbara Sia; Quintaes, Késia Diego; Morgano, Marcelo AntonioThe objective of this work was to determine the organic and total mercury contents in twelve fish species used in preparing sashimi in Japanese restaurants and estimate the exposure to organic mercury due to the consumption of this food. The mercury species were quantified by atomic absorption with thermal decomposition and amalgamation. Total mercury was analyzed directly, whereas organic mercury was quantified after extraction with toluene in an acid medium using a microwave assisted system. Needlefish and tuna showed the highest levels of mercury species and salmon and mullet the lowest levels. The mean ratios between MeHgþ/total Hg were 93% and 87% for sandperch and octopus, respectively, indicating that the most toxic form (organic Hg) predominates in these species. Exposure to methylmercury was estimated based on the PTWI and the results showed that the ingestion of 2 portions of needlefish and tuna exceeded the values established by 100%.Item Risk estimation to human health caused by the mercury content of Sushi and Sashimi sold in Japanese restaurants in Brazil.(2017) Alves, Jeanne Clécia; Paiva, Esther Lima de; Milani, Raquel Fernanda; Bearzoti, Eduardo; Morgano, Marcelo Antonio; Quintaes, Késia DiegoAlthough fish is a healthy alternative for meat, it can be a vehicle for mercury (Hg), including in its most toxic organic form, methylmercury (MeHg). The objective of the present study was to estimate the risk to human health caused by the consumption of sushi and sashimi as commercialized by Japanese food restaurants in the city of Campinas (SP, Brazil). The total Hg content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with thermal decomposition and amalgamation, and the MeHg content calculated considering that 90% of the total Hg is in the organic form. The health risk was estimated from the values for the provisional tolerable weekly ingestion (PTWI) by both adults and children. The mean concentrations for total Hg were: 147.99, 6.13, and 3.42 mg kg¡1 in the tuna, kani, and salmon sushi samples, respectively, and 589.09, 85.09, and 11.38 mg kg¡1 in the tuna, octopus and salmon sashimi samples, respectively. The tuna samples showed the highest Hg concentrations. One portion of tuna sashimi exceeded the PTWI value for MeHg established for children and adults. The estimate of risk for human health indicated that the level of toxicity depended on the type of fish and size of the portion consumed.Item Sushi commercialized in Brazil : organic Hg levels and exposure intake evaluation.(2016) Paiva, Esther Lima de; Alves, Jeanne Clécia; Milani, Raquel Fernanda; Boer, Bárbara Sia; Quintaes, Késia Diego; Morgano, Marcelo AntonioThe presence of organic mercury (methylmercury) in tuna, salmon and kani sushis marketed in restaurants specialising in Japanese foods (Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil), was investigated by atomic absorption spectrometer with thermal decomposition and amalgamation. Total mercury was analyzed directly, whilst organic mercury was quantified after a previous extraction with toluene in an acid solution, assisted by microwaves. Under these analytical conditions there was no interconversion between the inorganic and organic mercury. High sensitivity was observed for organic mercury, with limits of detection and quantification of 2.0 and 6.6 mg kg_1. The organic mercury contents ranged from 12 to 583 mg kg_1, 6.6 to 8.2 mg kg_1 and no detected values, for the tuna, kani and salmon sushi, respectively. The mean proportion of organic Hg/total Hg for tuna sushi was 88%, indicating that the most toxic form of mercury, organic Hg, predominate in this food. The estimated exposure to methylmercury was made by taking into account the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI 1.6 mg/kg) considering the daily consumption of 150 g and 20 g per adults (60 kg) and children (15 kg), respectively. Our results demonstrated that the consumption of tuna sushi may exceed 100% of PTWI.