Navegando por Autor "Braz, Nayara Felicidade Tomaz"
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Item Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by silica exposure in crystal craftsmen.(2020) Carneiro, Ana Paula Scalia; Algranti, Eduardo; Chérot-Kornobis, Nathalie; Bezerra, Frank Silva; Bon, Ana Maria Tibiriça; Braz, Nayara Felicidade Tomaz; Souza, Débora Maria Soares de; Costa, Guilherme de Paula; Bussacos, Marco Antônio; Bezerra, Olívia Maria de Paula AlvesBackground: Identification of biomarkers associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of silicosis would be highly advantageous in the clinical setting. The aim of this study is to evaluate inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in subjects exposed to silica. Methods: A cross‐sectional study of crystal craftsmen currently (n = 34) or formerly (n = 35) exposed and a group of nonexposed subjects (n = 12) was performed. Personal respirable dust samples were collected. Plasma inflammatory mediators (bone morphogenetic protein‐ BMP2 and chemokines CXCL16, and CCL5), oxidative stress enzymes (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARs] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]), and nitrite (NO2 − ) were analyzed in parallel with nitric oxide in exhaled breath (FeNO). Results: Being currently or formerly exposed to silica was related to increased levels of CXCL16 and TBARs. Currently, exposed subjects showed decreased levels of SOD. Thirty‐seven craftsmen with silicosis (26 formerly and 11 currently exposed) showed higher levels of CXCL16, which was positively associated with the radiological severity of silicosis. Compared with the nonexposed, subjects with silicosis had higher levels of TBARs and those with complicated silicosis had lower levels of SOD. In multivariate analysis, higher levels of CXCL16 were associated with exposure status and radiological severity of silicosis. Smoking was not a confounder. FeNO did not distinguish between the exposure status and the presence of silicosis. Conclusion: CXCL16 emerged as a potential biomarker that could distinguish both silica exposure and silicosis. TBARs were elevated in exposed individuals. However, their clinical applications demand further investigation in follow‐up studies of representative samples.Item Silica exposure and disease in semi-precious stone craftsmen, Minas Gerais, Brazil.(2017) Carneiro, Ana Paula Scalia; Braz, Nayara Felicidade Tomaz; Algranti, Eduardo; Bezerra, Olívia Maria de Paula Alves; Araújo, Natália Pereira da Silva; Amaral, Lênio S.; Edmé, Jean Louis; Sobaszek, Annie; Chérot-Kornobis, NathalieBackground Brazil is an exporter of precious stones and craftsmen often work in poor conditions. We assessed silica-related diseases among crystal craftsmen and the complexity of its control. Methods Case-series including 118 subjects evaluated from 2006 to 2015, based on medical interviews, chest X-rays, spirometry, and respirable silica samples. Results Median age and length of exposure were 32 and 13 years, respectively. Silicosis, with 1/0 as a threshold, was diagnosed radiologically in 57 individuals (48.3%). Respirable silica concentrations were 0.9–29.3 times greater than the Brazilian occupational exposure limit. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve with the same diagnosis threshold showed best discrimination at a cut point of 12.5 years of exposure, corresponding to 4.85 mg-y/m3 of cumulative silica exposure. There was a significant decline in FEV1 across radiological and cumulative silica exposure categories. Eleven individuals (9.3%) had mycobacterial diseases at baseline or follow-up. Conclusion Crystal craftsmen continue to suffer from silicosis, lung function impairment, comorbidity, and death due to silicosis. To date collective protection in some work sheds has not diminished silica levels. Long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate further improvements in preventive measures.