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Item Topsoil volume optimization in the restoration of post-mined areas.(2024) Figueiredo, Maurílio Assis; Messias, Maria Cristina Teixeira Braga; Leite, Mariangela Garcia Praça; Kozovits, Alessandra RodriguesTransferring topsoil to severely degraded areas, such as mined areas, is an effective restoration technique. However, topsoil from pristine areas is a limited resource, making it important to seek techniques that optimize its use. Thus, this study assessed the effects of adding a small topsoil volume (10 L/m2 or 1 cm layer), a seed mix of 14 species, and litter (30 L/m2) alone and in different combinations in the restoration of a rupestrian grassland area degraded by bauxite mining. The substrate in the degraded area was turned prior to applying treatments. Vegetation cover, density of individuals, and species richness were measured 30 months after the experiment was set up. The isolated use of each material and the simultaneous addition of topsoil to the seed mix were not effective. The simultaneous use of topsoil, litter, and seed mix provided the best result, presenting the highest vegetation coverage (60%), density (67 ind/m2), and species richness (26 in 12 m2). Although, to a lesser extent, the combination of seed mix and litter also presented satisfactory results. The combination of the three materials promoted the revegetation of an area that had been without vegetation for around 50 years, presenting a density of individuals and species richness comparable to those obtained with the use of thick topsoil layers (15–30 cm). Furthermore, the topsoil volume used was optimized.Item Verbenaceae in Itacolomi State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil : richness, geographical distribution, and a new synonym for Stachytarpheta commutata.(2023) Silva, Vitor Araújo da; Cardoso, Pedro Henrique; Andrade, Livia EchternachtVerbenaceae includes 32 genera and approximately 800 species distributed mainly in the Neotropical region, especially diversified in Brazil, where the campo rupestre stands out as an important vegetation type for the family. The Itacolomi State Park (ISP) is located in the southeast of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais state (MG), Brazil. Vegetation at the Park is composed of campo rupestre and forest remnants among degraded areas. The present research provides a floristic treatment of Verbenaceae in this protected area. Data were obtained from fieldwork and herbarium study. A total of 13 species were recorded: Glandularia phlogiflora, Lantanacamara, Lantanfucata,Lantanatiliaefolia, Lantanatrifolia, Lippiabrasiliensis, Lippia hermannioides, Lippiaoriganoides, Petreavolubilis, Stachytarphetacayennensis,Stachytarphetacommutata, Verbenalitoralis and Verbenarigida. Among them, six are new records for the ISP. Stachytarpheta glabra, endemic to MG, was found in an area of canga very close to the boundaries of the Park. Additionally, S. viscidula, whose type locality is close to the Park, is proposed as a new synonym for S. commutata, whose type specimen comes from the Park. We provide an identification key, descriptions, photographs and comments on taxonomy, ecology and distribution for each species.Item Vamos falar de vida na biologia? : um convite para abrir as nossas aulas ao que nos cativa.(2024) Silva, Fábio Augusto Rodrigues eEste relato autobiográfico foi escrito a partir de causos, que procuram apresentar as concepções de seu autor acerca do processo de ensino e aprendizagem e formação docente de professores de ensino de Ciências e Biologia. Essas concepções se originam de uma percepção de que há uma perpetuação de um ensino de Biologia, enciclopédico, descritivo, e, portanto, sem vida. Para contrapor essa abordagem recorrente da biologia escolar, esses causos trazem situações em que sujeitos encontraram oportunidades para se identificar como seres singulares, com vivências e experiências, que podem e devem ser compartilhadas em salas de aulas. São exemplos, que evidenciam a busca de um processo formativo, que se abre para novas possibilidades de se compreenderem a vida, os seres vivos e os territórios.Item O uso de material didático de apoio ao professor de ciências : análise de uma experiência.(2023) Pereira, Bárbara Luiza Alves; Almeida, Sheila Alves deEste artigo apresenta a análise de uma aula experimental de ciências sobre a confecção de um terrário, extraída da dissertação de mestrado da autora Bárbara Luiza. Neste episódio, buscamos compreender como uma professora que ensina Ciências para o quarto ano do ensino fundamental, na cidade de Mariana – MG, fez uso do livro de apoio metodológico “Trilhas para Ensina Ciências para Crianças” e, como oportunizou a reflexão aos alunos quando não obteve o resultado esperado em seu experimento. Em uma dimensão mais individual, os professores avaliam, usam e modificam as informações disponibilizadas em materiais de formação em função do seu trabalho diário. Considerando a dimensão social do trabalho do professor que ensina ciências para crianças, indagamos se os programas de formação inicial e continuada de docentes consideram o contexto de trabalho desse profissional. Nosso objetivo é contribuir para o fortalecimento do trabalho do professor da escola básica e provocar uma reflexão sobre os programas de formação docente.Item Unraveling the genetic diversity of Ceiba pubiflora (Malvaceae) in isolated limestone outcrops : conservation strategies.(2024) Brandão, Murilo Malveira; Vieira, Fábio de Almeida; Neves, Abidã Gênesis da Silva; Santos, Rubens Manoel dos; Carvalho, Dulcineia de; Menezes, Elytania Veiga; Moreira, Patrícia Abreu de; Oliveira, Dario Alves de; Melo Júnior, Afrânio Farias de; Royo, Vanessa de AndradeSeasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTFs) located on limestone outcrops are vulnerable to degradation caused by timber logging and limestone extraction for cement production. Some of these forests represent the last remnants of native vegetation cover, functioning as isolated islands. Ceiba pubiflora (Malvaceae) is a tree frequently found on limestone outcrops in the central region of Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and identify suitable populations for the establishment of Management Units (MUs) for conservation. Inter-simple sequence repeat markers were employed to assess the genetic diversity in ten populations sampled from the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest biomes. The species exhibited substantial genetic diversity (HT = 0.345; PLP = 97.89%). Populations SAH, JAN, and MON demonstrated elevated rates of polymorphic loci (> 84.2%) along with notable genetic diversity (He > 0.325). Additionally, these populations were the primary contributors to gene flow. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most genetic variation occurs within populations (91.5%) than between them. In the Bayesian analysis, the ten populations were clustered into five groups, revealing the presence of at least three barriers to gene flow in the landscape: 1) the Central Plateau or Paranã River valley; 2) near the Espinhac ̧o mountains or the São Francisco River valley; and 3) around the Mantiqueira mountain range, Chapada dos Veadeiros plateau, and disturbed areas. A positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between genetic (θB) and geographic distances (r = 0.425, p = 0.008). Based on these findings, we propose the establishment of Management Units in Minas Gerais state, encompassing the (1) southern region (MIN population), (2) central region (SAH population), and (3) north region (MON population), as well as in Goiás state, covering the (4) Central Plateau region. These units can significantly contribute to preserving the genetic diversity of these trees and protecting their habitat against ongoing threats.Item Under the sun or stars : how a dune ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) community is shaped along the day and night.(2023) Guimarães, Pedro Henrique; Sobrinho, Tathiana Guerra; Cristiano, Maykon Passos; Cardoso, Danon ClemesAtlantic Forest (AF) is a threatened megadiverse biome distributed from north to south along the ocean of South America and is considered a hotspot of biodiversity. Currently, over 3000 ant taxa are known to occur in AF ecosystems, and many more are expected but may never be acknowledged. The patterns and processes structuring AF ant communities are not well known, urging such studies. Temperature is a fundamental environmental condition that modulates ant species occurrences at different local and regional scales. Global warming may deeply impact species occurrence, dynamics and interactions, and efforts to amplify our understanding of AF biodiversity are urgent. Ants are widely distributed in the dunes, and many species are sensitive to local changes in temperature as some species are considered thermophilic. In open areas such as dunes, the temperature varies considerably over 24 h, with great changes mainly between day and night. In this study, we sought to answer whether the foredune ant community of the Restinga, one of the habitats of the AF, is structured by temperature from day and night. For this, we tested the following hypotheses: (i) temperature influences ant diversity; (ii) in warmer periods, there is a decrease in richness, with an increase in abundance; and (iii) ant species composition varies throughout the day and, consequently, at different temperatures. We arbitrarily drew a parallel transect to the ocean composed of 15 pitfall trap units spaced every 30 m. Traps were changed in five sampling periods: T1 (9:10–13:10 h), T2 (13:40–18:40 h), T3 (19:00–23:00 h), T4 (23:00–03:00 h) and T5 (03:00–07:00 h). In each period, we recorded the ambient temperature and relative humidity. We recovered 11 ant species on the foredunes. Our results showed that the richness and abundance of ants in the daytime period was higher than in the night-time period, suggesting that temperature positively affected these two parameters of the studied community. The species composition also changed over the sampling periods. Considering that our aim was to describe the species diversity across 24 h of sampling, this ‘quick-shot’ of the ant community allowed us to determine that temperature and humidity shape their occurrence and activity. These results indicate that there is an interplay between these factors that are correlated and play an important role in structuring ant communities in Restinga foredunes.Item “Trem de doido" : uma sequência didática em prol de um resgate histórico da luta antimanicomial em Minas Gerais e da educação em direitos humanos.(2023) Sousa, Raquel Gonçalves de; Silva, Fábio Augusto Rodrigues eEste artigo apresenta uma sequência didática abordando os Direitos Humanos com ênfase em um período marcado pela exclusão de todos(as) aqueles(as) ditos(as) loucos(as) com sua reclusão forçada e tratamentos desumanos em manicômios como o da cidade de Barbacena – MG. A sequência didática permitiu a criação de uma peça teatral amadora. Para análise desse processo educacional, utilizou-se da metodologia “relato de experiência”. Ao se relacionar a experiência ao aporte teórico da Educação em Direitos Humanos, observou-se a relevância de uma não instrumentalização dos estudantes em um processo coletivo e autoral de aprendizagem. Percebe-se que o texto escrito para a peça se aproximou mais dos princípios da ética cordial: do “educar para o nunca mais” e da “formação do sujeito de direito”.Item Por que não transportar e criar espécies de abelhas-sem-ferrão fora de suas regiões de ocorrência natural?(2024) Nunes, Carlos Eduardo Pereira; Matos, Carolina Roberta Alves de; Santos, Charles Fernando dos; Menezes, Cristiano; Paula, Débora Pires; Alves, Denise Araujo; Pereira, Fábia de Mello; Oliveira, Favízia Freitas de; Baronio, Gudryan J.; Resende, Helder Canto; Romanowski, Helena Piccoli; Santos Júnior, José Eustáquio dos; Hipólito, Juliana; Freitas, Leandro; Castro, Lucas Benício de; Carvalheiro, Luísa G.; Castro, Marina Siqueira de; Martins, Marlúcia Bonifácio; Marini Filho, Onildo João; Tavares, Patrícia Ferreira; Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira; Itabaiana, Yasmine Antonini; Rech, André RodrigoO Brasil possui uma alta riqueza de abelhas nativas sem ferrão (ANSF), com espécies com distribuição ampla e outras com distribuição mais restrita. Algumas dessas espécies estão listadas como ameaçadas de extinção e as causas são diver- sas. Assim, mantê-las em seus locais de origem é fundamental para evitar ainda mais o declínio de suas populações. Neste artigo apresentamos informações cintíficas que embasam a posição contrária ao transporte e criação de colônias de ANSF fora de suas regiões de ocorrência natural (ou áreas de distribuição histórica). Apresentamos ferramentas para auxiliar na tomada de decisão de públicos diversos, seja por legisladores, por meliponicultores, educadores, hobbystas. Primeiramente, apresentamos uma revisão das evidências sobre impactos do transporte de espécies para fora da sua área natural de ocorrência e sobre a biodiversidade em geral. Depois, tratamos dos aspectos sanitários envolvidos na movimentação de colônias de ANSF para além das suas regiões de ocorrência natural. Então, apontamos as consequências genéticas para as próprias abelhas movimentadas e dos impactos sobre a fauna existente no local, que passa a interagir com as espécies não-nativas que foram deslocadas. Ainda, nos aprofundamos em aspectos ecológicos relacionados às interações entre as plantas e as abelhas já existentes nas comunidades invadidas. Ao final, indicamos os dispositivos legais que fundamentam a recomendação científica de evitar que abelhas nativas, de qualquer localidade do território brasileiro, sejam movimentadas para além desuas regiões de ocorrência natural com objetivo de criação, trazendo considerações finais e recomendações. Uma lista sintetizando os 10 principais argumentos contra deslocamentos, baseados em estudos científicos, é apresentada abaixo. Outra lista, com 10 recomendações para o transporte e criação de ANSF, é apresentada ao final do artigo.Item Um terrário no aquário : o experimento e a experiência como atividade ética e estética.(2023) Almeida, Sheila Alves de; Pereira, Bárbara Luiza AlvesEste trabalho consiste na compreensão dos sentidos atribuídos à experiência, enquanto atos éticos e estéticos de dois fragmentos de aula de ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, em que se construiu um terrário. Para desenvolver a investigação, buscou-se auxílio, especialmente, nas teorias de Bakhtin, Benjamin e Larrosa. O objetivo era analisar a compreensão da experiência de construção de um terrário por uma professora e alunos. Importante nesta investigação é que a aula com o terrário se apresenta no processo dialético em que o experimento só encontra sentido no dialogismo. Nesta perspectiva, a atividade experimental não é ação isolada do sujeito que a propõe. A investigação remete à necessidade de as professoras que ensinam Ciências nos anos iniciais vivam o sabor de ensinar ciências com experimentos, vivam ex-postas à experiência de ensinar como sujeitos da experiência descrita por Larrosa.Item Ten principles for restoring campo rupestre, a threatened tropical, megadiverse, nutrient-impoverished montane grassland.(2023) Arruda, André Jardim; Mendes, Natália Ferreira; Fiorini, Cecília Fonseca; Ordóñez Parra, Carlos Andrés; Campos, Roberta Dayrell de Lima; Messeder , João Vitor de Sousa; Zanetti, Marcílio; Wardil, Mariana Valentina; Paiva, Dario Caminha; Kozovits, Alessandra Rodrigues; Buisson, Elise; Stradic, Soizig Le; Silveira, Fernando A. O.To achieve the ambitious goals of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, restoration frameworks should embrace the diversity of ecosystems found on Earth, including open-canopy ecosystems, which have been largely overlooked. Considering the paucity of scientific foundations promoting restoration science, policy, and practice for open tropical ecosystems, we provide overarching guidelines to restore the campo rupestre, a Neotropical, open megadiverse grassland that has been increasingly threatened by multiple human activities, especially mining. Restoration techniques for tropical grasslands are still at its infancy, and attempts to restore campo rupestre have had, so far, low to moderate success, highlighting the need for a tailored restoration framework. In a scenario of increasing degradation and scarcity of on-site restoration experiments, we propose 10 principles to improve our ability to plan, implement, and monitor restoration in campo rupestre: (1) include socioeconomic dimensions, (2) implement active restoration, (3) keep low soil fertility, (4) restore disturbance regimes, (5) address genetic structure and adaptation potential, (6) restore geographically restricted and specialized ecological interactions, (7) incorporate functional approaches, (8) use seed-based restoration strategies to enhance biodiversity, (9) translocation is inevitable, and (10) long-term monitoring is mandatory. Our principles represent the best available evidence to support better science and practice for the restoration of campo rupestre and, to some extent, can be useful for other megadiverse, fire-prone, and nutrient-poor ecosystems.Item Temporalidade da floração em áreas de campo limpo seco e úmido na Chapada do Couto, Serra do Espinhaço Meridional-MG, Brasil.(2023) Pataca, Letícia Cândida; Silva, Alexandre Christofaro; Rech, André Rodrigo; Lourenço, Anete Pedro; Costa, Darah Batista; Tassinari, Diego; Machado, Evandro Luiz Mendonça; Costa, Fabiane Nepomuceno; Paula, Lúcia Maria Pôrto de; Itabaiana, Yasmine Antonini; Mendonça Filho, Carlos VictorA Serra do Espinhaço Meridional apresenta enorme biodiversidade, com vegetação caracterizada pelo predomínio de formações campestres (campos rupestres e campos limpos) intercaladas por formações florestais (capões de mata). O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a temporalidade da floração em áreas de campos limpos secos e úmidos (onde ocorrem os ecossistemas de turfeiras), buscando evidenciar a variação temporal de aspectos reprodutivos da vegetação (cor das flores) e o efeito da antropização. Parte das áreas estudadas encontra-se protegida pela unidade de conservação de proteção integral do Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, enquanto as outras áreas são adjacentes, mas fora da unidade de conservação e sujeitas à antropização pelo pastejo e fogo. As áreas foram percorridas mensalmente para coleta de material botânico e registro das espécies em floração, sendo enquadradas em seis categorias de cores (branco, amarelo, laranja, vermelho, rosa/roxo e azul). A área protegida apresentou maior riqueza de espécies (96) que a área não protegida (83), não sendo atingida estabilidade na curva do coletor. A maioria das espécies apresentou eventos anuais de floração, sendo que mais da metade delas foi observada em apenas um mês, com maior concentração na época chuvosa, indicando uma “estação de florescimento” anual. O branco foi a cor predominante nas flores (principalmente Asteraceae e Eriocaulaceae), seguida do rosa/ roxo (Melastomataceae) e amarelo (Asteraceae e Xyridaceae). Enquanto as cores associadas a visitantes mais generalistas (branco e amarelo) apresentaram floração mais marcada pela sazonalidade, as flores associadas a sistemas mais especializados (vermelho e laranja) apresentaram floração aparentemente mais contínua ao longo do tempo.Item Temperament of psittaciformes : a systematic review.(2024) Almeida, Gustavo Nunes de; Ramos, Gabriela; Jesus, Larissa Gomes de; Branco, Maria Eduarda Caçador; Azevedo, Cristiano Schetini de; Sant’Anna, Aline CristinaThe study of temperament of the order Psittaciformes has been expanding over the past decades due to the publication of papers investigating individual differences in various species. This review aimed to integrate studies on the temperament of Psittaciformes in a systematized manner, focusing on methodological aspects. It also aimed to reveal the main dimensions of temperament described for these species, identify possible gaps and suggest new themes that deserve the scientific community’s attention. The Preferred Reporting Items for Sys- tematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was followed, and the search was conducted using Population, Intervention, and Context (PICo) terms. Three databases were used (Scopus, Web of Science, and CABI), resulting in a total of 24 publications included. The most used term to express consistent interindividual behavioral differences was ‘personality’ (11; 45.83 %), followed by ‘temperament’ (8; 33.33 %), without a clear distinction of both in this research field. Studies on temperament were conducted within the families Psittacidae (18; 75 %), Psittaculidae (4; 16.67 %) and Cacatuidae (2; 8.33 %), with the genus Amazona being the most investigated (14; 58.33 %). Regarding context, all papers used animals under human care (kept in captive environments). In total, 22 temperament dimensions were compiled, with ‘boldness’ (or ‘shy-bold’ axis or ‘shyness-boldness’), ‘neophobia/neophilia’, ‘exploration’, and ‘vigilance’ being the most common. Quantitative methods of assessment (coding) were more commonly applied, being used in 19 (79.17 %) publications, compared to qualitative ones (rating methods). Among the factors related to temperament, pre- and post-release behavior was the most investigated (5; 20.83 %). We could conclude that studies were concentrated on a few taxonomic groups, highlighting the need to broaden the subjects studied, including other families, genera, and species. Furthermore, it would be interesting to expand the temperament evaluations into wild contexts to better un- derstand consistent interindividual differences in parrots’ natural behaviors. More efforts should be directed towards methodological and conceptual standardization, in addition to applying temporal consistency analyses. Some additional gaps that have not been studied yet include research on the genetic basis, as well as morpho- physiological and neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying temperament in Psittaciformes.Item Sobrevivemos a pandemia de COVID-19 : alguns apontamentos para não esquecermos.(2024) Silva, Fábio Augusto Rodrigues eItem The scientist eyes : monitoring YouTube to quantify aquatic pet release in Brazil.(2024) Magalhães, André Lincoln Barroso; Azevedo, Cristiano Schetini de; Veiga, Alberto Maceda; Patoka, JiříThis study shows how YouTubeTM, a popular video website, is a powerful tool to document and improve our ability to manage freshwater pet release in Brazil. Based on a series of 24 videos chosen randomly using 19 standardized keywords posted by pet-keeping YouTubers between January 1, 2020 and March 20, 2023 (650 h of searching time), we documented the intentional release of 12 translocated and fve non-native species involving 11 fsh species, two freshwater stingray species, two freshwater turtle species, one freshwater crab species, and one crayfsh species in multiple watersheds/ecoregions of Brazil. This is the frst record of intentional introduction for 17 species in Brazilian inland waters. The main drivers behind pet release were excessive growth, “agree-ableness” (i.e., compassion, pet owner’s reluctance to euthanize the animal), and aggressive behavior. The videos documented the release of multiple freshwater pets in numerous freshwater ecosystems. Pet releases were predominantly into rural freshwater ecosystems rather than urban, with an introduction hotspot identi- fed in the Southeast region. This fnding is important because pet release is more common in urban than rural areas. While colonization pressure (i.e., number of translocated/non-native species that each pet owner released) was high, overall propagule pressure (i.e., number of individuals of a translocated/non-native species released into a region) was low with a total of 49 individuals released over the monitored period. Proactive management is key in reducing the incidence of pet release in Brazil, attainable through transforming pet shop owners into disseminators of correct information about species traits. Environmental authorities should create “Non-native Pet Amnesty Day” to provide the opportunity for people to surrender their non-native aquatic pets; YouTubers can engage in awareness actions on YouTubeTM such as show the negative efects that aquatic pets can cause if introduced into the wild; Brazilian scientists turn into “science YouTubers” and provide arguments that can be used to disseminate reliable scientifc messages about freshwater pet release.Item Querido Einstein : a divulgação científica nas correspondências do cientista às crianças.(2024) Cunha, Joyce Loraine Lopes; Almeida, Sheila Alves deEinstein é um dos nomes de maior impacto no campo científico. Além disso, o físico se correspondia com crianças de diversas partes do mundo. Os documentos pertinentes podem ser consultados no livro Querido profesor Einstein: correspondencia entre Albert Einstein y los niños, que é precisamente o corpus desta investigação. Focando na temática científica, o objetivo central da pesquisa consiste em analisar as estratégias discursivas textuais empregadas pelo cientista para divulgar ciência às crianças, bem como identificar os elementos característicos do gênero de divulgação científica direcionado a esse público, presentes nas cartas. Nas cartas de Einstein, destaca-se o discurso didático, aspectos como a dimensão lúdica, o humor, a transgressão e a interpelação, com um uso de palavras que aproximam o público presumido dos conteúdos científicos. A existência das cartas de Einstein segue como um raro exemplo de um contato de um cientista renomado que se propõe a dialogar com as crianças.Item Presença do tetra transgênico Gymnocorymbus ternetzi no Brasil : uma ameaça genética aos congêneres nativos.(2023) Magalhães, André Lincoln Barroso; Pires, Maria Rita Silvério; Santos, Viviane Martins Rebello dos; Cozzuol, Mario Alberto; Scotto, Carlos; Vitule, Jean Ricardo Simões; Pelicice, Fernando MayerItem Plant-pollinator interaction in a peatland ecosystem in Minas Gerais, Brazil(2023) Beyer, Hannah; Mendonça Filho, Carlos Victor; Tassinari, Diego; Pataca, Letícia Cândida; Itabaiana, Yasmine AntoniniThe Espinhaço Mountain Range is an important complex of mountains and plateaus within the Brazilian Cerrado. Within this area we can found peatlands ecosystem, which are important carbon reservoirs and home of a variety of plants and their floral visitors. We investigated if there are differences in the planta-visitor community between protected peatlands(Rio Preto State Park) and unprotected peatlands (Araçuai river). To conduct the research, six field trips of three days each (between October 2021 and November 2022) were conducted to sample plants and their Floral visitors. For comparison, the areas were divided into wet (peatlands) and dry grasslands. We sampled 284 individuals of floral visitors from 107 species visiting 45 plant species. In the protected area we found 62 floral visitors species visiting 33 plant species and in the non-protected area 58 floral visitor’s species in 26 plant species. We also found higher Floral visitors richness in the wet areas (peatlands) (82 species) compared with dry areas (grasslands) (36 species). Furthermore, wet areas show higher abundance and richness of Floral visitors. Plant communities show some similarities, although they have different blooming periods.Item Ex-post impact assessment on a large environmental disaster.(2024) Franco, Tarcila; Almeida, Stéfano Zorzal; Sá, Fabian; Bianchini, Adalto; Dergam, Jorge Abdala; Sant’anna, Eneida Maria Eskinazi; Albino, Jacqueline; Vieira, Laura Silveira; Santos, Lara Gabriela Magioni; Ribeiro, Anna Paula Lage; Bastos, Alex CardosoImpact assessments following environmental disasters must be quick and in accessible language so that decision-makers and affected populations are aware of the main impacts and can target recovery measures. After the collapse of the Fundão dam (Minas Gerais, Brazil) in November 2015, an extensive monitoring program was implemented to understand the aquatic environmental situation and associated biodiversity status after the spill of the iron ore tailings in a large and highly populated watershed, that reached the Atlantic Ocean along the southeast Brazilian coast. A monitoring programme faced several challenges, including the large volume of data to be analysed, which difficult an objective environmental diagnosis and the communication between technical teams and decision makers. In this context, an impact matrix was proposed as a tool for assessing the environmental proxy results and summarizing the results obtained. The proposed Impact Matrix is an interaction matrix adaptation which consists of quantifying the impacts using pre-defined criteria and scores. Expert panels assessed the link between environmental measures and objectives by scoring the specific criteria. As an interaction matrix, the impact matrix is made up of two intersecting axes: the identified impact and the affected environmental compartments (whether abiotic or biotic). The final impact matrix is reached by summing up the score for the criteria on each of the identified intersections. The impact matrix is a supervised approach focused on provide relatively simple tool to apply and, when carried out periodically in parallel with a monitoring programme, it makes it possible to observe temporal trends in the evolution of the environment after the event causing the impact. The impact matrix can also serve as feedback to the monitoring programme itself, when used in an adaptive management approach.Item Nuclear and chloroplast molecular markers for a tropical tree in dry forests.(2023) Brandão, Murilo Malveira; Vieira, Fábio de Almeida; Moreira, Patrícia de Abreu; Fajardo, Cristiane Gouvêa; Melo Júnior, Afrânio Farias de; Santos, Rubens Manoel dos; Carvalho, Dulcinéia deThe seasonal dry tropical forests (SDTFs) on limestone outcrops are peculiar formations subject to degradation by the removal of timber and exploitation of limestone for cement production. The species Ceiba pubiflora (Malvaceae) is conspicuous in limestone outcrops in Brazil. This work aimed to select nuclear primers Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) for application in studies aimed at genetic diversity and phylogeographic inferences in natural populations of C. pubiflora. After DNA extraction, the samples went through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), electrophoresis and sequencing. We utilized a total of eight ISSR primers that exhibited the most optimal amplification profiles. This led to the identification of a combined total of 95 loci, along with the successful sequencing of five cpDNA regions, all achieving a satisfactory level of resolution. Thus, the selected molecular markers are suitable to study of the genetic diversity of populations and phylogeography of C. pubiflora and other species of the genus.Item Semiaquatic bugs (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerromorpha) from Parque Natural Municipal das Andorinhas, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais state, Brazil.(2023) Machado, Gustavo Lisboa Vieira; Magalhães, Oséias Martins; Carneiro, Marco Antonio Alves; Moreira, Felipe Ferraz FigueiredoWe present a survey of the semiaquatic bugs (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Gerromorpha) from Parque Natural Municipal das Andorinhas and adjacent areas, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. Thirteen species are recorded from the locality based on regular collection events, namely Brachymetra albinervus (Amyot & Serville, 1843); Cylindrostethus palmaris Drake & Harris, 1934; Halobatopsis delectus Drake & Harris, 1941; Ha. platensis (Berg, 1879); Metrobates plaumanni genikos Nieser, 1993; Neogerris kontos Nieser, 1994 (Gerridae); Hydrometra fruhstorferi Hungerford & Evans, 1934 (Hydrometridae); Platyvelia brachialis (Stål, 1860); Rhagovelia macta Drake & Carvalho, 1955; R. robusta Gould, 1931; R. sbolos Nieser & Melo, 1997; R. triangula Drake, 1953; and R. trianguloides Nieser & Melo, 1997 (Veliidae).